by John Wallingford
I was fascinated to read in the LA Times about new evidence for massive glaciation early in Earth’s history, so large that it eroded about 3 miles of the crust of the Earth, creating vast shallow seas and conditions for the emergence of multicellular life. The article speculated that the glaciation was caused by a precipitous drop in atmospheric CO2, the result of geologic activity. I wondered, maybe we could use geology to harness the runaway CO2. Some digging around brought me to recent research on that very concept here in our diocese.
The National Academy of Sciences book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration identified carbon sequestration in live trees and charcoal as one of 5 cost-effective technologies available today, support for the Diocesan commitment to plant “Paris Groves”. A later chapter in that same book described two experiments where CO2 was pumped into porous basalt where it could react with magnesium and iron and calcium, basically being absorbed into rock. Such chemistry had been demonstrated above ground, and the experiments were undertaken to learn if the results could be replicated in situ. One of those was in Iceland, and the other in Wallula, WA, the site of the first European settlement in the state. Researchers in Richland injected 1000 tons of CO2 into the basalt about 2600 feet down, and the CO2 stayed put. Some became new rock, ankerite.
There are other start up efforts to pull CO2 out of the air to make useful products. A company in BC, Carbon Engineering, concerts CO2 into fuel, NewLight technologies converts CO2 into plastics. A direct capture site in Switzerland estimates each facility can capture as much CO2 as is emitted annually by 250,000 cars, which means a mere 70 such facilities could neutralize the automobile CO2 emissions from the 17 million new cars sold in the US each year. For comparison, there are some 8600 energy generating facilities in the US. Hearings are being held on new legislation (SB5116) for 100% clean electricity in Washington State January 17 and Jan 23. There are things society can do to reduce CO2 emissions, and also to capture the CO2 already in the air. Some are already cost-effective; for others, research can bring costs down.
The point for us as a church is that we have reasons to be hopeful, we can help bring about balance of humankind with nature; we can pray “Open our eyes to behold thy gracious hand in all thy works; that, rejoicing in thy whole creation, we may learn to serve thee with gladness” p 814, BCP.